中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
多名高官遭查 乌克兰加大反腐争取“入欧”筹码******
中新网2月3日电 综合外媒报道，当地时间1日，乌克兰执法机构扩大了对腐败的打击力度，对多名现任和前任高官及富商的住宅展开搜查。乌总统泽连斯基表示，搜查是必要的，以确保“人们不会滥用权力”。
分析称，乌克兰此时大力反腐是为了在欧盟面前塑造积极改革的形象，以求加入欧盟及获得更多西方援助。
乌克兰执法机构搜查前内务部长阿瓦科夫的住宅。图为路透社报道截图——前内务部长阿瓦科夫
此次搜查对象包括现年59岁的前内务部长阿瓦科夫(Arsen Avakov)。
阿瓦科夫于2021年7月辞去乌内务部长一职。路透社称，在辞职之前，他被认为是该国最有权力的官员之一，曾任该职七年有余。
阿瓦科夫告诉乌克兰媒体，他的家之所以遭到搜查，与一项针对乌克兰空客直升机购买的调查有关。
2023年1月18日，乌克兰一架空客直升机坠毁，造成包括当时的内务部长莫纳斯特尔斯在内多人死亡。阿瓦科夫说，调查人员查阅了内务部与空客公司的合同，该公司制造了H-225“超级美洲狮”直升机，致命坠机事故发生时，该型号直升机被用于运送官员。
阿瓦科夫说，什么都没有发现，当时的所有合同也都获得了相关批准。
2月1日，乌克兰国家安全局(SBU)等突袭了科洛莫伊斯基在第聂伯罗的住宅。图片来源：《基辅独立报》报道截图——富商科洛莫伊斯基
涉足乌媒体、石油和银行业的富商科洛莫伊斯基(Ihor Kolomoisky)也遭到调查。
据BBC介绍，泽连斯基出演的《人民公仆》曾在与科洛莫伊斯基有关的媒体频道播出。后者还曾出任第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州州长，但因涉嫌腐败遭美国制裁。
《基辅独立报》援引消息人士的话称，2月1日上午，乌克兰国家安全局(SBU)等突袭了科洛莫伊斯基在第聂伯罗的住宅。这位富商被指控逃避海关监管，并贪污价值10亿美元的石油产品。
——国防部卷入物资采购丑闻
乌克兰执法部门还向国防部的多名官员发出因涉嫌物资采购丑闻，将对其调查的通知。
此前，有乌克兰媒体爆料称，乌克兰国防部以“过高的价格”为士兵购买物资，这表明其中可能存在腐败问题。
乌国防部长列兹尼科夫对此称，价格过高是承包商的“技术失误”。乌国防部副部长沙波瓦洛夫则于1月24日辞职。
乌克兰国家反腐败局(NABU)表示，已开始调查国防部可能存在的腐败问题。
乌克兰为何近来反腐动作不断？
BBC分析称，乌克兰在打击腐败方面，正面临来自西方伙伴尤其是欧盟越来越大的压力。基辅定于本周与欧盟主要官员举行峰会，乌方认为这对推动其加入欧盟极为重要。
乌克兰约十名高级官员已于日前被解职，包括乌总统办公室副主任季莫申科。泽连斯基当时指出，这样做将有助于“与欧洲机构的和解”。
法新社也指出，乌克兰正在发起新的努力试图“清理”自身形象，以期安抚西方的支持者。
| 彩云网地图 |
